An estimated one in six people worldwide live with a disability, up to 80% of which are non-visible1. For Disability History Month, here at MAC, we’re exploring the impact of hidden disabilities.
What is a hidden disability?
A hidden (or non-visible) disability is a disability or health condition that significantly impacts a person’s life but is not immediately obvious. Often, those living with a hidden disability may defy certain stereotypes of what a disabled person should look, behave or act like2.
Hidden disabilities are classed this way because their nature is not always easy to observe. Some are dynamic and may require intermittent use of aids, others are occasionally visible or visible to those with a better understanding of the condition, and some have no visible symptoms at all2.
A wide range of conditions are classed as hidden disabilities, including, but not limited to:
- Mental health conditions, for example, mood disorders like depression or bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders like generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) or PTSD, or personality disorders
- Neurodevelopmental conditions such as ADHD or autism
- Non-visible health conditions including; metabolic (such as diabetes), respiratory (such as COPD), gastrointestinal (such as ulcerative colitis) or neurological (such as chronic pain)
- Sensory impairments such as hearing or vision loss
- Cognitive impairments, for example, learning disabilities, dementia, or traumatic brain injuries2.
How do hidden disabilities affect daily life?
While hidden disabilities cannot usually be seen, they are very real and can have a debilitating effect on daily life. The extent of this impact varies between individuals and can sometimes change day-to-day for the same person. The non-visible nature of these conditions may make it difficult for people to access support and can lead to difficulties in multiple areas of life.
1. Social challenges
Those with hidden disabilities may face stigma and doubt about their disability because it is not outwardly obvious. This can lead to social isolation as individuals may feel pressured to hide their condition to avoid negative reactions or potential bias3.
2. Education and employment challenges
Participation in work and education can be affected by fluctuating symptoms that impact productivity and attendance. This can be difficult to explain to others and may act as a barrier to employment or education. Scepticism from others about their condition or symptoms can also lead to issues accessing the support they need and can reduce opportunities further3.
3. Physical and logistical challenges
For many hidden disabilities, symptoms can make daily tasks such as getting ready and commuting particularly challenging. Individuals may need to carefully plan their days around flare-ups and may avoid activities they enjoy to avoid exacerbating their symptoms.
Improving quality of life
For many people living with non-visible health conditions, effective treatment options are vital for symptom management. However, existing treatment options are not always suitable for all. Some individuals may not receive significant benefit, may experience unmanageable side effects, or may not be able to access treatments due to cost or supply levels.
Here at MAC, we are dedicated to the development of pioneering investigational medicines for a wide range of conditions. With your participation, you may be able to help people around the world.
Discover more about our ongoing research via our current studies webpage.
References
1 Hidden Disabilities Sunflower – What is a hidden disability?
2 The Disability Unit – Living with Non-Visible Disabilities
3 UK Parliament – Invisible Disabilities in Education and Employment
